RETINAL

Pronunciation (US):

(GB):

IPA (US):

 Dictionary entry overview: What does retinal mean? 

• RETINAL (noun)
  The noun RETINAL has 1 sense:

1. either of two yellow to red retinal pigments formed from rhodopsin by the action of light

  Familiarity information: RETINAL used as a noun is very rare.

• RETINAL (adjective)
  The adjective RETINAL has 1 sense:

1. in or relating to the retina of the eye

  Familiarity information: RETINAL used as an adjective is very rare.

 Dictionary entry details 

• RETINAL (noun)

Sense 1

Meaning:

Either of two yellow to red retinal pigments formed from rhodopsin by the action of light

Classified under:

Nouns denoting substances

Synonyms:

retinal; retinene

Hypernyms ("retinal" is a kind of...):

pigment (dry coloring material (especially a powder to be mixed with a liquid to produce paint, etc.))

Holonyms ("retinal" is a substance of...):

retinal purple; rhodopsin; visual purple (a red photopigment in the retinal rods of vertebrates; dissociates into retinene by light)

Derivation:

retinal (in or relating to the retina of the eye)

• RETINAL (adjective)

Sense 1

Meaning:

In or relating to the retina of the eye

Classified under:

Relational adjectives (pertainyms)

Context example:

retinal cells

Pertainym:

retina (the innermost light-sensitive membrane covering the back wall of the eyeball; it is continuous with the optic nerve)

Derivation:

retina (the innermost light-sensitive membrane covering the back wall of the eyeball; it is continuous with the optic nerve)

retinal (either of two yellow to red retinal pigments formed from rhodopsin by the action of light)

 Context examples 

It modulates the phototransduction cascade by interacting with the beta and gamma subunits of the retinal G-protein transducin.

(Phosducin, NCI Thesaurus/LocusLink)

In the brain BDNF has a trophic action on retinal, cholinergic, and dopaminergic neurons, and in the peripheral nervous system it acts on both motor and sensory neurons.

(Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor, NLM, Medical Subject Headings)

The eye test used in the study shines light into the eye, allowing a doctor to measure retinal thickness, as well as the thickness of fibers in the optic nerve.

(Predicting Alzheimer's Disease May Be Possible Using Eye Exam, The Titi Tudorancea Bulletin)

Transient loss of vision in one eye due to retinal ischemia.

(Amaurosis Fugax, NCI Thesaurus)

High incidence of retinal degeneration in animals over 10 months (von Sallman and Grimes 1972, 1974).

(OM, Rat Strain, NCI Thesaurus)

An inability to see clearly in dim light; due to a deficiency of vitamin A or to a retinal disorder.

(Night Blindness, NCI Thesaurus)

Two weeks prior to nerve crush, the scientists used gene therapy to cause the retinal ganglion cells to overexpress mTOR.

(Visual activity regenerates neural connections between eye and brain, NIH)

A cancer vaccine consisting of a recombinant vaccinia virus encoding the gp100 melanoma-melanocyte antigen. gp100 human antigen is a wild-type self-antigen expressed by melanocytes, pigmented retinal cells and most melanomas.

(gp100 Vaccinia Vaccine, NCI Thesaurus)

This surprising discovery contradicts previous studies of other eye diseases suggesting that the complement system worsens retinal degeneration.

(Immune system can slow degenerative eye disease, National Institutes of Health)

Gp100 human antigen is a non-mutated self-antigen - glycoprotein -expressed by melanocytes, pigmented retinal cells and most melanoma lesions, but is not expressed in other normal tissues or non-melanoma tumors.

(gp100 cDNA/Gold Complex, NCI Thesaurus)