LYSIS (lyses)

Pronunciation (US):

(GB):

IPA (US):

Irregular inflected form: lyses   

 Dictionary entry overview: What does lysis mean? 

• LYSIS (noun)
  The noun LYSIS has 2 senses:

1. recuperation in which the symptoms of an acute disease gradually subside

2. (biochemistry) dissolution or destruction of cells such as blood cells or bacteria

  Familiarity information: LYSIS used as a noun is rare.

 Dictionary entry details 

• LYSIS (noun)

Sense 1

Meaning:

Recuperation in which the symptoms of an acute disease gradually subside

Classified under:

Nouns denoting natural processes

Hypernyms ("lysis" is a kind of...):

convalescence; recovery; recuperation (gradual healing (through rest) after sickness or injury)

Sense 2

Meaning:

(biochemistry) dissolution or destruction of cells such as blood cells or bacteria

Classified under:

Nouns denoting natural processes

Hypernyms ("lysis" is a kind of...):

disintegration; dissolution (separation into component parts)

Domain category:

biochemistry (the organic chemistry of compounds and processes occurring in organisms; the effort to understand biology within the context of chemistry)

Hyponyms (each of the following is a kind of "lysis"):

autolysis; self-digestion (lysis of plant or animal tissue by an internal process)

bacteriolysis (dissolution or destruction of bacteria)

cytolysis (pathological breakdown of cells by the destruction of their outer membrane)

haematolysis; haemolysis; hematolysis; hemolysis (lysis of erythrocytes with the release of hemoglobin)

karyolysis (disintegration and dissolution of a cell nucleus when a cell dies)

necrolysis (disintegration and dissolution of dead tissue)

osteolysis (lysis of bone caused by disease or infection or inadequate blood supply)

radiolysis (molecular disintegration resulting from radiation)

thrombolysis (the process of breaking up and dissolving blood clots)

 Context examples 

This interrupts bacterial cell wall synthesis and results in the weakening of the bacterial cell wall and causes cell lysis.

(Amdinocillin, NCI Thesaurus)

Upon administration, expressed PSMA may stimulate a cytotoxic T cell response against tumor cells that express PSMA, resulting in tumor cell lysis.

(Mouse Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen Plasmid DNA Vaccine, NCI Thesaurus)

Upon binding to the mesothelin antigen, amatuximab triggers an antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC)-mediated host immune response against mesothelin-expressing cells, resulting in cell lysis.

(Amatuximab, NCI Thesaurus)

This may stimulate the secretion of cytokines and result in cell lysis of mesothelin-expressing cancer cells.

(Mesothelin-specific Chimeric Antigen Receptor-engineered Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes, NCI Thesaurus)

One question about the alternative pathway is how the spontaneous activation of C3 in plasma leads to the lysis of specific cells in the absence of antibody on the cell surface.

(Alternative Complement Pathway, NCI Thesaurus/BIOCARTA)

Upon administration, expressed gp100 antigen may stimulate a cytotoxic T cell HLA-A2.1-restricted immune response against tumor cells that express the gp100 antigen, resulting in tumor cell lysis.

(Mouse gp100 Plasmid DNA Vaccine, NCI Thesaurus)

Anti-AGS-16 monoclonal antibody AGS-16M18 selectively binds to AGS-16, triggering complement-dependent cell lysis (CDCL) and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) in tumor cells expressing AGS-16.

(Anti-AGS-16 Monoclonal Antibody AGS-16M18, NCI Thesaurus)

This may result in NK cell activation, antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and eventually tumor cell lysis.

(Anti-CD30/CD16A Monoclonal Antibody AFM13, NCI Thesaurus)

This agent also mediates antibody-dependent cytotoxicity thereby promoting Raji B-lymphoid cell lysis by human neutrophils.

(Monoclonal Antibody Lym-1, NCI Thesaurus)

This may result in the recruitment and activation of cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTLs), CTL-mediated specific tumor cell lysis, and the secretion of antitumor cytokines and chemokines.

(Anti-CD3 x Anti-CD20 Bispecific Antibody-Armed Activated T Cells, NCI Thesaurus)