KETONE BODY

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 Dictionary entry overview: What does ketone body mean? 

• KETONE BODY (noun)
  The noun KETONE BODY has 1 sense:

1. a ketone that is an intermediate product of the breakdown of fats in the body; any of three compounds (acetoacetic acid, acetone, and/or beta-hydroxybutyric acid) found in excess in blood and urine of persons with metabolic disorders

  Familiarity information: KETONE BODY used as a noun is very rare.

 Dictionary entry details 

• KETONE BODY (noun)

Sense 1

Meaning:

A ketone that is an intermediate product of the breakdown of fats in the body; any of three compounds (acetoacetic acid, acetone, and/or beta-hydroxybutyric acid) found in excess in blood and urine of persons with metabolic disorders

Classified under:

Nouns denoting substances

Synonyms:

acetone body; ketone body

Hypernyms ("ketone body" is a kind of...):

ketone (any of a class of organic compounds having a carbonyl group linked to a carbon atom in each of two hydrocarbon radicals)

Hyponyms (each of the following is a kind of "ketone body"):

acetoacetic acid (unstable acid found in abnormal amounts in the blood and urine in some cases of impaired metabolism (as diabetes mellitus or starvation))

beta-hydroxybutyric acid (beta derivative of hydroxybutyric acid that is found in the blood and urine in some cases of impaired metabolism)

 Context examples 

Pyruvate can also be converted by pyruvate dehydrogenase into acetyl-CoA, which can enter into the Kreb's cycle to generate ATP, be converted to ketone bodies, or be directed into fatty acid biosynthesis.

(Catabolic Pathways for Alanine, Glycine, Serine, Cysteine, Tryptophan, and Threonine, NCI Thesaurus/BIOCARTA)

Ketone bodies are transported to other tissues such as brain, muscle or heart where they are converted back to acetyl-CoA to serve as an energy source.

(Formation of Ketone Bodies from Acetyl-CoA Pathway, NCI Thesaurus/BIOCARTA)

Although mitochondria in a healthy heart primarily use fatty acids as fuel, they can easily adapt to use other fuel molecules as needed, including glucose, lactate, and ketone bodies.

(Excess Fat Disrupts Heart Cell's Energy System, The Titi Tudorancea Bulletin)

A type of metabolic acidosis produced by accumulation of ketone bodies resulting from uncontrolled diabetes mellitus.

(Diabetic Ketoacidosis, Food and Drug Administration)

Another destination of acetyl-CoA is the production of ketone bodies by the liver that are transported to tissues like the heart and brain for energy.

(Beta-Oxidation of Fatty Acids Pathway, NCI Thesaurus/BIOCARTA)

A measurement of the ketone bodies (acetone, acetoacetic acid, beta-hydroxybutyric acid, beta-ketopentanoate and beta-hydroxypentanoate) in a biological specimen.

(Ketone BodyMeasurement, NCI Thesaurus/CDISC)

The determination of the amount of ketone bodies (acetone, acetoacetic acid, beta-hydroxybutyric acid, beta-ketopentanoate and beta-hydroxypentanoate) present in a sample.

(Ketone BodyMeasurement, NCI Thesaurus)

The metabolic condition resulted from uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, in which the shift of acid-base status of the body toward the acid side because of loss of base or retention of acids other than carbonic acid is accompanied by the accumulation of ketone bodies in body tissues and fluids.

(Diabetic Ketoacidosis, NCI Thesaurus)

The brain normally uses only glucose for energy, but during starvation ketone bodies can become the main energy source for the brain.

(Formation of Ketone Bodies from Acetyl-CoA Pathway, NCI Thesaurus/BIOCARTA)

In the metabolic condition called ketosis, ketone bodies are produced faster than they are consumed by tissues and the smell of acetone can be detected on a person's breath.

(Formation of Ketone Bodies from Acetyl-CoA Pathway, NCI Thesaurus/BIOCARTA)