GLYCERALDEHYDE

Pronunciation (US):

(GB):

 Dictionary entry overview: What does glyceraldehyde mean? 

• GLYCERALDEHYDE (noun)
  The noun GLYCERALDEHYDE has 1 sense:

1. a sweet crystalline aldehyde formed by the breakdown of sugars

  Familiarity information: GLYCERALDEHYDE used as a noun is very rare.

 Dictionary entry details 

• GLYCERALDEHYDE (noun)

Sense 1

Meaning:

A sweet crystalline aldehyde formed by the breakdown of sugars

Classified under:

Nouns denoting substances

Synonyms:

glyceraldehyde; glyceric aldehyde

Hypernyms ("glyceraldehyde" is a kind of...):

aldehyde (any of a class of highly reactive chemical compounds; used in making resins and dyes and organic acids)

 Context examples 

Well known glycolytic enzymes such as glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase may play roles in other cellular processes such as apoptosis.

(Glycolysis Pathway, NCI Thesaurus/BIOCARTA)

Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (335 aa, ~36 kDa) is encoded by the human GAPDH gene.

(Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase, NCI Thesaurus)

This allele, which encodes glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase protein, plays a role in carbohydrate metabolism.

(GAPDH wt Allele, NCI Thesaurus)

After isomerization, D-ribose 5-phosphate is produced and provides the starting point for a series of reactions that converts the 5-carbon ribose into 6-carbon fructose-6-phosphate and 3-carbon glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate.

(Oxidative Reactions of the Pentose Phosphate Pathway, NCI Thesaurus/BIOCARTA)

It is a central pathway that produces important precursor metabolites: six-carbon compounds of glucose-6P and fructose-6P and three-carbon compounds of glycerone-P, glyceraldehyde-3P, glycerate-3P, phosphoenolpyruvate, and pyruvate.

(Glycolysis/Gluconeogenesis Pathway, NCI Thesaurus/KEGG)

Fructose is first phosphorylated to form fructose 1-phosphate, which is then split into glyceraldehyde and dihydroxyacetone phosphate to enter glycolysis as glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate.

(Feeder Pathways for Glycolysis, NCI Thesaurus/BIOCARTA)

This pathway map also shows the Entner-Doudoroff pathway where 6-P-gluconate is dehydrated and then cleaved into pyruvate and glyceraldehyde-3P.

(Pentose Phosphate Cycle Pathway, NCI Thesaurus/KEGG)

Mechanistically, estrogen receptor induces changes in gene expression through direct gene activation of a number of genes (e.g., cathepsin D, HSP27, alpha-tubulin, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphatase, Pdzk1, Greb) and also through the biological functions of target loci.

(MTA3 Pathway, NCI Thesaurus/BIOCARTA)

The Gly-rich NAD-Binding Domain (often N-terminal) is often found in metabolic enzymes involved in glycolysis, glyconeogenesis, and the citric acid cycle, such as GAPDH (glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate oxidation and phosphorylation), lactate dehydrogenases (lactate to pyruvate conversion), and malate dehydrogenases (malate to oxaloacetate interconversion).

(NAD-Binding Domain, NCI Thesaurus)