GENETIC MUTATION

Pronunciation (US):

(GB):

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 Dictionary entry overview: What does genetic mutation mean? 

• GENETIC MUTATION (noun)
  The noun GENETIC MUTATION has 1 sense:

1. (genetics) any event that changes genetic structure; any alteration in the inherited nucleic acid sequence of the genotype of an organism

  Familiarity information: GENETIC MUTATION used as a noun is very rare.

 Dictionary entry details 

• GENETIC MUTATION (noun)

Sense 1

Meaning:

(genetics) any event that changes genetic structure; any alteration in the inherited nucleic acid sequence of the genotype of an organism

Classified under:

Nouns denoting natural events

Synonyms:

chromosomal mutation; genetic mutation; mutation

Hypernyms ("genetic mutation" is a kind of...):

alteration; change; modification (an event that occurs when something passes from one state or phase to another)

Meronyms (parts of "genetic mutation"):

mutagenesis (an event capable of causing a mutation)

Domain category:

genetic science; genetics (the branch of biology that studies heredity and variation in organisms)

Hyponyms (each of the following is a kind of "genetic mutation"):

deletion ((genetics) the loss or absence of one or more nucleotides from a chromosome)

inversion ((genetics) a kind of mutation in which the order of the genes in a section of a chromosome is reversed)

transposition ((genetics) a kind of mutation in which a chromosomal segment is transfered to a new position on the same or another chromosome)

gene mutation; point mutation ((genetics) a mutation due to an intramolecular reorganization of a gene)

reversion ((genetics) a return to a normal phenotype (usually resulting from a second mutation))

saltation ((genetics) a mutation that drastically changes the phenotype of an organism or species)

 Context examples 

An individual who carries an inheritable genetic mutation without manifestation of the associated condition.

(Genetic Carrier, NCI Thesaurus)

An estimated 1 billion people worldwide carry a genetic mutation that produces an inactive form of ALDH2.

(Alcohol Could be Toxic and Cause DNA Damage for Some People, NIH, US)

Chemical agents that increase the rate of genetic mutation by interfering with the function of nucleic acids.

(Mutagen, NLM, Medical Subject Headings)

To undergo or cause genetic mutation.

(Mutate, NCI Thesaurus)

Scientists have identified a rare genetic mutation that results in a markedly increased susceptibility to infection by human rhinoviruses (HRVs) — the main causes of the common cold.

(Scientists discover rare genetic susceptibility to common cold, National Institutes of Health)

The investigators next examined brain tissue from the mice and found a decrease in astrocytes, but not other cell types, in the animals with the genetic mutation compared to the mice without the mutation.

(Study in mice identifies type of brain cell involved in stuttering, National Institutes of Health)

Engaging in at least 2.5 hours of physical activity per week may have beneficial effects on markers of Alzheimer's disease brain changes and may delay cognitive decline in people who carry a genetic mutation that causes Alzheimer's disease.

(Rare Alzheimer's Disease Patients May Delay Cognitive Decline with Exercise, The Titi Tudorancea Bulletin)

Scientists at the National Institutes of Health, Stanford University, California, and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, identified a drug pair that worked together to both kill cancer cells and counter the effects of a genetic mutation that causes the diseases.

(Scientists find promising drug combination against lethal childhood brain cancers, National Institutes of Health)

The program also outperformed doctors in spotting patients with Angelman syndrome and Cornelia de Lange syndrome—an inherited genetic mutation that can cause, among other symptoms, low-set ears and an upturned nose—versus other disorders, and in separating patients with different genetic subtypes of Noonan syndrome.

(Artificial Intelligence Can Be Used to Diagnose Rare Disorders with Just A Picture, The Titi Tudorancea Bulletin)

Christoph Laske, M.D. and his research team at the University Hospital of Tübingen, Germany analyzed data generated from 275 individuals (average age 38.4) who carry a genetic mutation for ADAD and are participating in the Dominantly Inherited Alzheimer's Network (DIAN), an international observational study of individuals and families with ADAD led by researchers at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis.

(Rare Alzheimer's Disease Patients May Delay Cognitive Decline with Exercise, The Titi Tudorancea Bulletin)