DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID

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 Dictionary entry overview: What does deoxyribonucleic acid mean? 

• DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID (noun)
  The noun DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID has 1 sense:

1. (biochemistry) a long linear polymer found in the nucleus of a cell and formed from nucleotides and shaped like a double helix; associated with the transmission of genetic information

  Familiarity information: DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID used as a noun is very rare.

 Dictionary entry details 

• DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID (noun)

Sense 1

Meaning:

(biochemistry) a long linear polymer found in the nucleus of a cell and formed from nucleotides and shaped like a double helix; associated with the transmission of genetic information

Classified under:

Nouns denoting substances

Synonyms:

deoxyribonucleic acid; desoxyribonucleic acid; DNA

Context example:

DNA is the king of molecules

Hypernyms ("deoxyribonucleic acid" is a kind of...):

polymer (a naturally occurring or synthetic compound consisting of large molecules made up of a linked series of repeated simple monomers)

Meronyms (parts of "deoxyribonucleic acid"):

base pair (one of the pairs of chemical bases joined by hydrogen bonds that connect the complementary strands of a DNA molecule or of an RNA molecule that has two strands; the base pairs are adenine with thymine and guanine with cytosine in DNA and adenine with uracil and guanine with cytosine in RNA)

nucleic acid ((biochemistry) any of various macromolecules composed of nucleotide chains that are vital constituents of all living cells)

cistron; factor; gene ((genetics) a segment of DNA that is involved in producing a polypeptide chain; it can include regions preceding and following the coding DNA as well as introns between the exons; it is considered a unit of heredity)

Meronyms (substance of "deoxyribonucleic acid"):

C; cytosine (a base found in DNA and RNA and derived from pyrimidine; pairs with guanine)

A; adenine ((biochemistry) purine base found in DNA and RNA; pairs with thymine in DNA and with uracil in RNA)

G; guanine (a purine base found in DNA and RNA; pairs with cytosine)

T; thymine (a base found in DNA (but not in RNA) and derived from pyrimidine; pairs with adenine)

Domain category:

biochemistry (the organic chemistry of compounds and processes occurring in organisms; the effort to understand biology within the context of chemistry)

Hyponyms (each of the following is a kind of "deoxyribonucleic acid"):

operon (a segment of DNA containing adjacent genes including structural genes and an operator gene and a regulatory gene)

cDNA; complementary DNA (single-stranded DNA that is complementary to messenger RNA or DNA that has been synthesized from messenger RNA by reverse transcriptase)

episome (DNA that is not incorporated into the genome but is replicated together with the genome (especially in bacterial cells))

coding DNA; exon (sequence of a gene's DNA that transcribes into protein structures)

intron; noncoding DNA (sequence of a eukaryotic gene's DNA that is not translated into a protein)

junk DNA (stretches of DNA that do not code for genes)

recombinant deoxyribonucleic acid; recombinant DNA (genetically engineered DNA made by recombining fragments of DNA from different organisms)

sticky end (an end of DNA in which one strand of the double helix extends a few units beyond the other)

jumping gene; transposon (a segment of DNA that can become integrated at many different sites along a chromosome (especially a segment of bacterial DNA that can be translocated as a whole))

 Context examples 

A test used to measure nuclear deoxyribonucleic acid content (ploidy or multiplicity of the basic number of chromosomes) in a cell.

(DNA Ploidy Analysis, NCI Thesaurus)

A genomic biomarker can consist of one or more deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) or ribonucleic acid (RNA) characteristics.

(Genomic Biomarker, NCI Thesaurus)

A unit of measurement equal to one million deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) copies per unit of volume equal to one milliliter.

(Million DNA Copies per Milliliter, NCI Thesaurus)

The unit of concentration of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) copies expressed as a number of copies in unit volume equal to one milliliter.

(DNA Copies per Milliliter, NCI Thesaurus/CDISC)

A unit of measure of the concentration of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) copies per unit of volume equal to one milliliter.

(DNA Copies per Milliliter, NCI Thesaurus)

Deoxyribonucleic acid, a chemical found primarily in the nucleus of cells.

(DNA, The Titi Tudorancea Bulletin)

It is a deoxyribonucleic acid attached to a protein (primarily histone) structure base and is the carrier of genes in inheritance.

(Chromatin Structure, NCI Thesaurus)

A synthetic peptide used to formulate and deliver deoxyribonucleic acids (DNA, usually in plasmid form) in gene therapy.

(DNA Compaction Peptide, NCI Thesaurus)

Typically small, circular, intronless, and maternally inherited, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is the multicopy deoxyribonucleic acid genome of mitochondria, intracellular organelles responsible for vital respiratory chain and oxidative phosphorylation reactions in higher eukaryotes.

(Mitochondrial DNA, NCI Thesaurus)

Proteins that non-covalently interact with deoxyribonucleic acid as a result of intermolecular physical forces and spatial complementarity.

(DNA Binding Protein, NCI Thesaurus)