CLINICAL TRIAL

Pronunciation (US):

(GB):

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 Dictionary entry overview: What does clinical trial mean? 

• CLINICAL TRIAL (noun)
  The noun CLINICAL TRIAL has 1 sense:

1. a rigorously controlled test of a new drug or a new invasive medical device on human subjects; in the United States it is conducted under the direction of the FDA before being made available for general clinical use

  Familiarity information: CLINICAL TRIAL used as a noun is very rare.

 Dictionary entry details 

• CLINICAL TRIAL (noun)

Sense 1

Meaning:

A rigorously controlled test of a new drug or a new invasive medical device on human subjects; in the United States it is conducted under the direction of the FDA before being made available for general clinical use

Classified under:

Nouns denoting acts or actions

Synonyms:

clinical test; clinical trial

Hypernyms ("clinical trial" is a kind of...):

run; test; trial (the act of testing something)

Hyponyms (each of the following is a kind of "clinical trial"):

phase I; phase I clinical trial (a clinical trial on a few persons to determine the safety of a new drug or invasive medical device; for drugs, dosage or toxicity limits should be obtained)

phase II; phase II clinical trial (a clinical trial on more persons than in phase I; intended to evaluate the efficacy of a treatment for the condition it is intended to treat; possible side effects are monitored)

phase III; phase III clinical trial (a large clinical trial of a treatment or drug that in phase I and phase II has been shown to be efficacious with tolerable side effects; after successful conclusion of these clinical trials it will receive formal approval from the FDA)

phase IV; phase IV clinical trial (sometimes the FDA approves a drug for general use but requires the manufacturer to continue to monitor its effects; during this phase the drug may be tried on slightly different patient populations than those studied in earlier trials)

 Context examples 

Clinical trials related to the development of vaccines and therapeutics directed against AIDS-related malignancies.

(AIDS, Clinical Trials on Patients with AIDS-Related Malignancies, NCI Thesaurus)

“The clinical trials that have been done in people have all been fairly short,” says Dr. Ranganath Muniyappa, an NIH staff clinician who studies diabetes and cardiovascular health.

(Can Chocolate Really Be Good for You?, The Titi Tudorancea Bulletin)

Clinical trials related to the development of vaccines and therapeutics directed against opportunistic infections associated with HIV infection.

(AIDS, Clinical Trials on Patients with Opportunistic Infections, NCI Thesaurus)

An infrastructure for multi-institutional clinical trials of imaging and related disciplines applied to cancer.

(American College of Radiology Imaging Network, NCI Thesaurus)

In a clinical trial, a medical test on a patient that is not a part of the original study design.

(Ancillary Study, NCI Dictionary)

A clinical trial designed to evaluate the development, safety, and efficacy of vaccines and therapeutics directed against AIDS.

(AIDS Clinical Trial, NCI Thesaurus)

In cancer prevention, a clinical trial that studies whether taking certain medicines, vitamins, minerals, or food supplements can prevent cancer.

(Agent study, NCI Dictionary)

Stat3 inhibitors are already being tested in clinical trials for other conditions such as cancer.

(Controlling Muscle Repair, NIH)

Following on from these results, the researchers hope to take this gene therapy approach through clinical trials, in the hope of producing an effective treatment for mitochondrial diseases.

(Mitochondrial diseases could be treated with gene therapy, The Titi Tudorancea Bulletin)

In cancer prevention clinical trials, a study that focuses on finding out whether actions people take can prevent cancer.

(Action study, NCI Dictionary)