BONE

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 Dictionary entry overview: What does bone mean? 

• BONE (noun)
  The noun BONE has 3 senses:

1. rigid connective tissue that makes up the skeleton of vertebrates

2. the porous calcified substance from which bones are made

3. a shade of white the color of bleached bones

  Familiarity information: BONE used as a noun is uncommon.

• BONE (adjective)
  The adjective BONE has 1 sense:

1. consisting of or made up of bone

  Familiarity information: BONE used as an adjective is very rare.

• BONE (verb)
  The verb BONE has 2 senses:

1. study intensively, as before an exam

2. remove the bones from

  Familiarity information: BONE used as a verb is rare.

 Dictionary entry details 

• BONE (noun)

Sense 1

Meaning:

Rigid connective tissue that makes up the skeleton of vertebrates

Classified under:

Nouns denoting body parts

Synonyms:

bone; os

Hypernyms ("bone" is a kind of...):

connective tissue (tissue of mesodermal origin consisting of e.g. collagen fibroblasts and fatty cells; supports organs and fills spaces between them and forms tendons and ligaments)

Meronyms (parts of "bone"):

ground substance; intercellular substance; matrix (the body substance in which tissue cells are embedded)

bone marrow; marrow (the fatty network of connective tissue that fills the cavities of bones)

coronoid process; processus coronoideus (a sharp triangular process projecting from a bone)

condyle (a round bump on a bone where it forms a joint with another bone)

bone cell (a cell that is part of a bone)

lamella (a thin membrane that is one of the calcified layers that form bones)

socket (a bony hollow into which a structure fits)

Meronyms (substance of "bone"):

collagen (a fibrous scleroprotein in bone and cartilage and tendon and other connective tissue; yields gelatin on boiling)

bone; osseous tissue (the porous calcified substance from which bones are made)

Hyponyms (each of the following is a kind of "bone"):

turbinal; turbinate; turbinate bone (any of the scrolled spongy bones of the nasal passages in man and other vertebrates)

os pubis; pubic bone; pubis (one of the three sections of the hipbone; together these two bones form the front of the pelvis)

costa; rib (any of the 12 pairs of curved arches of bone extending from the spine to or toward the sternum in humans (and similar bones in most vertebrates))

round bone (bones that are round in shape)

sacrum (wedge-shaped bone consisting of five fused vertebrae forming the posterior part of the pelvis; its base connects with the lowest lumbar vertebra and its tip with the coccyx)

scapula; shoulder blade; shoulder bone (either of two flat triangular bones one on each side of the shoulder in human beings)

os sesamoideum; sesamoid; sesamoid bone (any of several small round bones formed in a tendon where it passes over a joint)

os breve; short bone (a bone that is of approximately equal dimension in all directions)

os sphenoidale; sphenoid; sphenoid bone (butterfly-shaped bone at the base of the skull)

breastbone; sternum (the flat bone that articulates with the clavicles and the first seven pairs of ribs)

corpus sternum; gladiolus (the large central part of the breastbone)

manubrium (the upper part of the breastbone)

xiphoid process (smallest of the three parts of the breastbone; articulates with the corpus sternum and the seventh rib)

tarsal; tarsal bone (any bone of the tarsus)

os temporale; temporal bone (a thick bone forming the side of the human cranium and encasing the inner ear)

tooth (hard bonelike structures in the jaws of vertebrates; used for biting and chewing or for attack and defense)

furcula (a forked bone formed by the fusion of the clavicles of most birds)

tympanic bone (the bone enclosing the middle ear)

vertebra (one of the bony segments of the spinal column)

arcus zygomaticus; zygoma; zygomatic arch (the slender arch formed by the temporal process of the cheekbone that bridges to the zygomatic process of the temporal bone)

modiolus (the central conical bony pillar of the cochlea)

lacrimal bone (small fragile bone making up part of the front inner walls of each eye socket and providing room for the passage of the lacrimal ducts)

skull (the bony skeleton of the head of vertebrates)

calvaria; skullcap (the dome of the skull)

braincase; brainpan; cranium (the part of the skull that encloses the brain)

occiput (back part of the head or skull)

sinciput (the front part of the head or skull (including the forehead))

jaw (the part of the skull of a vertebrate that frames the mouth and holds the teeth)

vomer (thin trapezoidal bone of the skull forming the posterior and inferior parts of the nasal septum)

sutural bone; Wormian bone (any of the tiny soft bones found in the sutures between cranial bones)

marrowbone (a bone containing edible marrow; used especially in flavoring soup)

os palatinum; palatine; palatine bone (either of two irregularly shaped bones that form the back of the hard palate and helps to form the nasal cavity and the floor of the orbits)

splint bone (a rudimentary metacarpal or metatarsal bone on either side of the cannon bone in the leg of a horse or related animal)

fetter bone; pastern (the part between the fetlock and the hoof)

cannon bone (greatly developed metatarsal or metacarpal bone in the shank or cannon part of the leg in hoofed mammals)

fishbone (a bone of a fish)

anklebone; astragal; astragalus; talus (the bone in the ankle that articulates with the leg bones to form the ankle joint)

bare bone (bone stripped of flesh)

cuboid bone (the cube shaped bone on the outer side of the tarsus)

carpal; carpal bone; wrist bone (any of the eight small bones of the wrist of primates)

cartilage bone (any bone that develops within cartilage rather than a fibrous tissue)

centrum (the main body of a vertebra)

cheekbone; jugal bone; malar; malar bone; os zygomaticum; zygomatic; zygomatic bone (the arch of bone beneath the eye that forms the prominence of the cheek)

clavicle; collarbone (bone linking the scapula and sternum)

coccyx; tail bone (the end of the vertebral column in humans and tailless apes)

dentin; dentine (bone (calcified tissue) surrounding the pulp cavity of a tooth)

calcaneus; heelbone; os tarsi fibulare (the largest tarsal bone; forms the human heel)

phalanx (any of the bones of the fingers or toes)

bonelet; ossicle; ossiculum (a small bone; especially one in the middle ear)

nasal; nasal bone; os nasale (an elongated rectangular bone that forms the bridge of the nose)

metatarsal (any bone of the foot between the ankle and the toes)

metacarpal; metacarpal bone (any bone of the hand between the wrist and fingers)

membrane bone (any bone that develops within membranous tissue without previous cartilage formation; e.g. the clavicle and bones of the skull)

ramus (the posterior part of the mandible that is more or less vertical)

long bone; os longum (in limbs of vertebrate animals: a long cylindrical bone that contains marrow)

ischial bone; ischium; os ischii (one of the three sections of the hipbone; situated below the ilium)

ilium (the upper and widest of the three bones making up the hipbone)

hyoid; hyoid bone; os hyoideum (a U-shaped bone at the base of the tongue that supports the tongue muscles)

hipbone; innominate bone (large flaring bone forming one half of the pelvis; made up of the ilium and ischium and pubis)

ethmoid; ethmoid bone (one of the eight bones of the cranium; a small bone filled with air spaces that forms part of the eye sockets and the nasal cavity)

Holonyms ("bone" is a part of...):

endoskeleton (the internal skeleton; bony and cartilaginous structure (especially of vertebrates))

Holonyms ("bone" is a substance of...):

horn (one of the bony outgrowths on the heads of certain ungulates)

Derivation:

bonelet (a small bone; especially one in the middle ear)

boney; bony (having bones especially many or prominent bones)

bony (composed of or containing bone)

Sense 2

Meaning:

The porous calcified substance from which bones are made

Classified under:

Nouns denoting substances

Synonyms:

bone; osseous tissue

Hypernyms ("bone" is a kind of...):

animal material (material derived from animals)

Holonyms ("bone" is a substance of...):

bone; os (rigid connective tissue that makes up the skeleton of vertebrates)

Derivation:

bone (remove the bones from)

bonelet (a small bone; especially one in the middle ear)

Sense 3

Meaning:

A shade of white the color of bleached bones

Classified under:

Nouns denoting attributes of people and objects

Synonyms:

bone; ivory; off-white; pearl

Hypernyms ("bone" is a kind of...):

white; whiteness (the quality or state of the achromatic color of greatest lightness (bearing the least resemblance to black))

• BONE (adjective)

Sense 1

Meaning:

Consisting of or made up of bone

Context example:

the bony framework of the body

Similar:

boney; bony (having bones especially many or prominent bones)

• BONE (verb)

Present simple: I / you / we / they bone    ... he / she / it bones   
Past simple: boned   
Past participle: boned   
-ing form: boning   

Sense 1

Meaning:

Study intensively, as before an exam

Classified under:

Verbs of thinking, judging, analyzing, doubting

Synonyms:

bone; bone up; cram; drum; get up; grind away; mug up; swot; swot up

Context example:

I had to bone up on my Latin verbs before the final exam

Hypernyms (to "bone" is one way to...):

hit the books; study (learn by reading books)

Verb group:

cram (prepare (students) hastily for an impending exam)

Sentence frames:

Somebody ----s
Somebody ----s something PP

Sense 2

Meaning:

Remove the bones from

Classified under:

Verbs of size, temperature change, intensifying, etc.

Synonyms:

bone; debone

Context example:

bone the turkey before roasting it

Hypernyms (to "bone" is one way to...):

remove; take; take away; withdraw (remove something concrete, as by lifting, pushing, or taking off, or remove something abstract)

Domain category:

animal; animate being; beast; brute; creature; fauna (a living organism characterized by voluntary movement)

Sentence frame:

Somebody ----s something

Derivation:

bone (the porous calcified substance from which bones are made)

 Context examples 

A finding referring to deviation from or interruption of normal development of the bones.

(Abnormal Bone Development, NCI Thesaurus)

RNA analysis showed the Th17-blocking drug led to reduced expression of genes involved in inflammation, tissue destruction, and bone loss, suggesting that Th17 cells may mediate these processes in periodontitis.

(Researchers identify immune culprits linked to inflammation and bone loss in gum disease, National Institutes of Health)

A laboratory test result that indicates the presence of abnormal peripheral blood and/or bone marrow values.

(Abnormal Hematology Test Result, NCI Thesaurus)

In this phase, 10% to 19% of the cells in the blood and bone marrow are blast cells (immature blood cells).

(Accelerated phase chronic myelogenous leukemia, NCI Dictionary)

A rare group of disorders characterized by defective development of bones and cartilage.

(Achondrogenesis, NCI Thesaurus)

The tendon that connects the heel bone to the calf muscles at the back of the lower leg.

(Achilles Tendon, NCI Thesaurus)

The new study analysed data from 1,848 women and found that those with higher levels of triclosan in their urine were more likely to have bone issues.

(Common Ingredient in Toothpaste Puts Women at Risk of Bone Disease, The Titi Tudorancea Bulletin)

Acolbifene specifically binds to estrogen receptors in responsive tissue, including liver, bone, breast, and endometrium.

(Acolbifene hydrochloride, NCI Thesaurus)

Your blood cells form in your bone marrow.

(Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia, NIH: National Cancer Institute)

Leukemia with an acute onset, characterized by the presence of lymphoblasts in the bone marrow and the peripheral blood.

(Acute lymphoblastic leukemia, NCI Thesaurus)